International Research & Citation Index
IRCI Article ID: IRCI-AR-0000001634

The Role of Public Transportation in Sustainable Economic Growth in Jakarta Through the Concept of Transit Oriented Development (TOD)

Authors:
Panji PutrantoPutranto, PanjiIka MaulidhikaMaulidhika, Ika

Journal: International Journal of Economics, Management and Accounting

Publication: 2025-08-04 · Vol. 3 No. 3 · pp. 198–203

DOI: 10.47353/ijema.v3i3.326

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Abstract
Public transportation in metropolitan cities like Jakarta has an important role in increasing economic growth. A crowded and densely populated city, of course, people's mobility is very high, so transportation is very crowded and even dense until transportation causes congestion. Public transportation in Jakarta consists of MRT (Mass Rapid Transit), LRT (Light Rail Transit), and Transjakarta buses. The high number of public transportation users in the city of Jakarta is certainly made a transit system for public transportation with the concept of Transit Oriented Development (TOD) capable of increasing sustainable economic growth such as reducing congestion, increasing the growth of business areas, operational efficiency, improving, encouraging the growth of business centers that are more crowded with potential consumers, increasing productivity and expanding job market access. This study uses a qualitative method with a literature and descriptive approach. The results of research on public transportation users in the city of Jakarta such as MRT, LRT, Transjakarta have an increase in the number of passengers from 2023 to 2025 so that it has an impact on improving the community's economy in a sustainable manner through reduced congestion, increased community mobility, efficiency in operations, especially transportation, and the economy in the TOD area.


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Authors
Panji Putranto
Affiliation: , Mercu Buana University, Indonesia Author Origin : Indonesia
Putranto, Panji
Ika Maulidhika
Affiliation: , Mercu Buana University, Indonesia Author Origin : Indonesia
Maulidhika, Ika


References
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Aditya Mahatidanar Hidayat, K. C. (2023). Passengers’ Intentions to Use Public Transport during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study of Bangkok and Jakarta. Sustainability, 15(6), 104–116.
Ayuningtias, S. H., & Karmilah, M. (2019). Penerapan Transit Oriented Development (Tod) Sebagai Upaya Mewujudkan Transportasi Yang Berkelanjutan. Pondasi, 24(1), 45. https://doi.org/10.30659/pondasi.v24i1.4996
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Hasibuan, H. S., & Mulyani, M. (2022). Transit-Oriented Development: Towards Achieving Sustainable Transport and Urban Development in Jakarta Metropolitan, Indonesia. Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/su14095244
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Joewono, T. B., Tarigan, A. K. M., & Susilo, Y. O. (2016). Road-based public transportation in urban areas of Indonesia: What policies do users expect to improve the service quality? Transport Policy, 49, 114–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2016.04.009
Kawasan, T., & City, S. (2022). Telaahan mengenai Kawasan, TOD, dan Smart City. 4(3), 1–153.
Kawulur, D. O. ., Naukoko, A. T., & Th.B Maramis, M. (2020). Analisis Dampak Kemacetan Terhadap Ekonomi Pengguna Jalan, Depan Tugu Taman Kota Manado. Jurnal Berkala Ilmiah Efisiensi, 20(1), 83–93.
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Renald, A., Tjiptoherijanto, P., Suganda, E., & Djakapermana, R. D. (2016). Toward Resilient and Sustainable City Adaptation Model for Flood Disaster Prone City: Case Study of Jakarta Capital Region. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 227(November 2015), 334–340. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.06.079
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Widita, A., Welch, T., Rukmana, D., & Diwangkari, A. (2023). Impact of the MRT Jakarta on Congestion: Evidence from a Before-After, Treatment-Control Evaluation. Journal of Planning Education and Research, VIII(I), 1–19.
Zafira, W. S., & Puspitasari, A. Y. (2022). Penerapan Prinsip Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) untuk Mewujudkan Transportasi yang Berkelanjutan. Jurnal Kajian Ruang, 2(1), 110. https://doi.org/10.30659/jkr.v2i1.20440
Abdussamad, Z. (2021). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. In Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (I, Vol. 3, Issue 1). Syakir Media Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/juwxn
Aditya Mahatidanar Hidayat, K. C. (2023). Passengers’ Intentions to Use Public Transport during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study of Bangkok and Jakarta. Sustainability, 15(6), 104–116. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su15065273
Ayuningtias, S. H., & Karmilah, M. (2019). Penerapan Transit Oriented Development (Tod) Sebagai Upaya Mewujudkan Transportasi Yang Berkelanjutan. Pondasi, 24(1), 45. https://doi.org/10.30659/pondasi.v24i1.4996 DOI: https://doi.org/10.30659/pondasi.v24i1.4996
Cervero, R., & Murakami, J. (2009). Rail and property development in Hong Kong: Experiences and extensions. Urban Studies, 46(10), 2019–2043. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098009339431 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098009339431
Cervero, R., & Sullivan, C. (2011). Green TODs: Marrying transit-oriented development and green urbanism. International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology, 18(3), 210–218. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504509.2011.570801 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13504509.2011.570801
Hasibuan, H. S., & Mulyani, M. (2022). Transit-Oriented Development: Towards Achieving Sustainable Transport and Urban Development in Jakarta Metropolitan, Indonesia. Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/su14095244 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su14095244
Hasibuan, H. S., Soemardi, T. P., Koestoer, R., & Moersidik, S. (2014). The Role of Transit Oriented Development in Constructing Urban Environment Sustainability, the Case of Jabodetabek, Indonesia. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 20, 622–631. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2014.03.075 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2014.03.075
Joewono, T. B., Tarigan, A. K. M., & Susilo, Y. O. (2016). Road-based public transportation in urban areas of Indonesia: What policies do users expect to improve the service quality? Transport Policy, 49, 114–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2016.04.009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2016.04.009
Rachman, F. F., Nooraeni, R., & Yuliana, L. (2021). Public Opinion of Transportation integrated (Jak Lingko), in DKI Jakarta, Indonesia. Procedia Computer Science, 179(2020), 696–703. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2021.01.057 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2021.01.057
Renald, A., Tjiptoherijanto, P., Suganda, E., & Djakapermana, R. D. (2016). Toward Resilient and Sustainable City Adaptation Model for Flood Disaster Prone City: Case Study of Jakarta Capital Region. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 227(November 2015), 334–340. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.06.079 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.06.079
Shi, J., Bai, T., Zhao, Z., & Tan, H. (2024). Driving Economic Growth through Transportation Infrastructure: An In-Depth Spatial Econometric Analysis. Sustainability (Switzerland) , 16(10), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16104283 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su16104283
Soehodho, S. (2017). Public transportation development and traffic accident prevention in Indonesia. IATSS Research, 40(2), 76–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iatssr.2016.05.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iatssr.2016.05.001
Steinberg, F. (2007). Jakarta: Environmental problems and sustainability. Habitat International, 31(3–4), 354–365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2007.06.002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2007.06.002
Widita, A., Welch, T., Rukmana, D., & Diwangkari, A. (2023). Impact of the MRT Jakarta on Congestion: Evidence from a Before-After, Treatment-Control Evaluation. Journal of Planning Education and Research, VIII(I), 1–19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0739456X231174136
Zafira, W. S., & Puspitasari, A. Y. (2022). Penerapan Prinsip Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) untuk Mewujudkan Transportasi yang Berkelanjutan. Jurnal Kajian Ruang, 2(1), 110. https://doi.org/10.30659/jkr.v2i1.20440 DOI: https://doi.org/10.30659/jkr.v2i1.20440
Abdussamad, Z. (2021). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. In Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (I, Vol. 3, Issue 1). Syakir Media Press.
Aditya Mahatidanar Hidayat, K. C. (2023). Passengers’ Intentions to Use Public Transport during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study of Bangkok and Jakarta. Sustainability, 15(6), 104–116.
Ayuningtias, S. H., & Karmilah, M. (2019). Penerapan Transit Oriented Development (Tod) Sebagai Upaya Mewujudkan Transportasi Yang Berkelanjutan. Pondasi, 24(1), 45. https://doi.org/10.30659/pondasi.v24i1.4996
Cervero, R., & Murakami, J. (2009). Rail and property development in Hong Kong: Experiences and extensions. Urban Studies, 46(10), 2019–2043. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098009339431
Cervero, R., & Sullivan, C. (2011). Green TODs: Marrying transit-oriented development and green urbanism. International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology, 18(3), 210–218. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504509.2011.570801
Hasibuan, H. S., & Mulyani, M. (2022). Transit-Oriented Development: Towards Achieving Sustainable Transport and Urban Development in Jakarta Metropolitan, Indonesia. Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/su14095244
Hasibuan, H. S., Soemardi, T. P., Koestoer, R., & Moersidik, S. (2014). The Role of Transit Oriented Development in Constructing Urban Environment Sustainability, the Case of Jabodetabek, Indonesia. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 20, 622–631. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2014.03.075
Joewono, T. B., Tarigan, A. K. M., & Susilo, Y. O. (2016). Road-based public transportation in urban areas of Indonesia: What policies do users expect to improve the service quality? Transport Policy, 49, 114–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2016.04.009
Kawasan, T., & City, S. (2022). Telaahan mengenai Kawasan, TOD, dan Smart City. 4(3), 1–153.
Kawulur, D. O. ., Naukoko, A. T., & Th.B Maramis, M. (2020). Analisis Dampak Kemacetan Terhadap Ekonomi Pengguna Jalan, Depan Tugu Taman Kota Manado. Jurnal Berkala Ilmiah Efisiensi, 20(1), 83–93.
Rachman, F. F., Nooraeni, R., & Yuliana, L. (2021). Public Opinion of Transportation integrated (Jak Lingko), in DKI Jakarta, Indonesia. Procedia Computer Science, 179(2020), 696–703. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2021.01.057
Renald, A., Tjiptoherijanto, P., Suganda, E., & Djakapermana, R. D. (2016). Toward Resilient and Sustainable City Adaptation Model for Flood Disaster Prone City: Case Study of Jakarta Capital Region. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 227(November 2015), 334–340. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.06.079
Shi, J., Bai, T., Zhao, Z., & Tan, H. (2024). Driving Economic Growth through Transportation Infrastructure: An In-Depth Spatial Econometric Analysis. Sustainability (Switzerland) , 16(10), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16104283
Soehodho, S. (2017). Public transportation development and traffic accident prevention in Indonesia. IATSS Research, 40(2), 76–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iatssr.2016.05.001
Steinberg, F. (2007). Jakarta: Environmental problems and sustainability. Habitat International, 31(3–4), 354–365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2007.06.002
Widita, A., Welch, T., Rukmana, D., & Diwangkari, A. (2023). Impact of the MRT Jakarta on Congestion: Evidence from a Before-After, Treatment-Control Evaluation. Journal of Planning Education and Research, VIII(I), 1–19.
Zafira, W. S., & Puspitasari, A. Y. (2022). Penerapan Prinsip Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) untuk Mewujudkan Transportasi yang Berkelanjutan. Jurnal Kajian Ruang, 2(1), 110. https://doi.org/10.30659/jkr.v2i1.20440
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