IRCI Article ID: IRCI-AR-0000001831

No one-size-fits-all: modeling regional environmental and economic performance of diversification from dairy farming

Journal: Critical Insights in Agriculture

Publication: 2026-12-31 · Vol. 1 No. 1

DOI: 10.1080/29932106.2025.2610086

Cite this article

Citation

Choose a citation style or copy BibTeX for your reference manager.

 
View Original Publication
0
IRCI Cited By
89
Indexed References

Authors

R. L. Tamepo

Affiliation: Te Ao Māori Research Team, Scion Group, Bioeconomy Science Institute

ORCID: 0000-0002-6618-1487

C. Doscher

Affiliation: Faculty of Environment, Society and Design, Lincoln University

ORCID: 0000-0003-2926-327X

R. W. McDowell

Affiliation: Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University; AgResearch Group, Bioeconomy Science Institute, Lincoln Science Centre

ORCID: 0000-0003-3911-4825

References

https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10452

Sense Partners. Solid Foundations - Dairy economic contribution to New Zealand. 2023.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-015-0517-x

Parliamentary Commissioner for the Environment. Growing for good: Intensive farming sustainability and New Zealand’s environment. 2004.

https://doi.org/10.1071/AN14878

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164963

Ministry for the Environment. Environment aotearoa 2022. 2022.

Reisinger A Clark H Abercrombie RM et al. Future options to reduce biological GHG emissions on-farm: critical assumptions and national-scale impact. Palmerston North New Zealand: New Zealand Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Research Centre; 2018 Apr. https://www.ag-emissions.nz/assets/Publications/NZAGRC-Report-BERG-future-options.pdf accessed 7 Jan 2026.

https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-1149-2017

https://doi.org/10.1080/00288230809510453

Ministry for the Environment. 1990–2023 New Zealand’s greenhouse gas inventory: Snapshot. 2023.

Nestlé. Nestlé responsible sourcing standard. 2024.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2025.109547

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esg.2025.100275

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-32464-0

https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-05035-170440

https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aba1715

https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742170507001718

https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-024-01075-x

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resenv.2023.100126

https://doi.org/10.1080/03036758.2025.2496373

New Zealand Landcare Trust. Map of catchment groups & environmental community groups. 2025. Retrieved 7 April 2025 from https://landcare.org.nz/regions-groups/catchments-map/.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2016.09.025

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.03.067

https://doi.org/10.1080/00288233.2021.1936572

https://doi.org/10.1080/00288231003606054

AgResearch. OVERSEER® nutrient budgets. Version 6.2.2. Hamilton New Zealand AgResearch - Fertiliser Association of New Zealand - Ministry for Primary Industries. 2016.

https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.29936825

Journeaux P Kingi T. Farm systems modelling for GHG reduction on māori owned farms: Achieving the Zero-Carbon targets. 2020.

Journeaux P Kingi T West G. Greenhouse gas mitigation modelling for māori focus farms: Scenario modelling results. New Zealand Agricultural and Resource Economics Society Conference. Nelson New Zealand. 2016.

Journeaux P Kinigi T Praat J-P et al. Modelling GHG mitigations on multiple enterprise māori farms. 2022.

KapAG. Supplement to the farm scale modelling report. A client report for the Wellington Regional Council. 2016.

New Zealand Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Research Centre. On-farm options to reduce biological greenhouse gas emissions: a report to the biological emissions reference group. (BERG). 2018.

Land Water People. Whitiwhiti ora productive Potential - Report on method for estimating economics of horticultural arable and alternate dairy land uses (final data release). March 2024 Milestone Report for Whitiwhiti Ora. 2022.

DairyNZ. New Zealand dairy statistics 2015-16. 2016.

Longhurst RD. Nutrient losses from maize cropping systems: Current practices and mitigation options. Fertilizer and lime research Centre workshop. Massey University Palmerston North New Zealand. 2018.

Ministry for Primary Industries. National Exotic Forest Description as at 1 April 2021. 2021a.

Risk WH, Cossens GG, Crosbie SF, et al. Barley responses to nitrogen fertiliser in Otago and Southland. Agron Soc N Z Proc. 1984;35-38.

Tupu.nz. Potatoes - Fact Sheet. 2025. Retrieved Jan 2025 2025 from https://www.tupu.nz/en/fact-sheets/potatoes/.

Journeaux P. Email to author. 2025.

Ministry for Primary Industries. Updating radiata pine carbon yield tables for use in the New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme. 2021b.

Smith H. Personal comunicaton for fertiliser recommendations. 2025.

Graham B Brown S. Dairy farm survey for the 2018–2019 season. 2020.

Potatoes New Zealand Inc. Potato Industry Annual Report. 2018.

New Zealand Kiwifruit Growers. Annual Report. 2017.

Ministry for Primary Industries. Evaluation of profitability and future potential for low emission productive uses of land that is currently used for livestock SLMACC Project 405422. MPI TechnicalPaper No: 2021/13. 2020.

New Zealand Government. Climate change (forestry sector) regulations 2022. New Zealand Legislation. 2022.

Blueberries New Zealand Inc. New Zealand blueberry industry overview. 2018. Retrieved Jan 11 2025 from https://www.blueberriesnz.co.nz.

Scarlatti. Our Land and Water – Land FTEs. 2025. Retrieved April 1 2025 from https://landftes.scarlatti.co.nz/about

AgResearch. Dairy types and N P and GHG losses. 2023. https://landuseopportunities.nz/dataset/dairy-typologies-and-n-p-and-ghg-losses?utm_source=chatgpt.com

DairyNZ. Benchmarking2025. 2025. https://www.dairynz.co.nz/business/dairybase/benchmarking/?utm_source=chatgpt.com#

DairyNZ LIC. New Zealand dairy statistics 2023-24. 2024. https://www.dairynz.co.nz/media/bywm13d4/dairy-statistics-2023-24.pdf

https://doi.org/10.33584/jnzg.2023.85.3667

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-9473(01)00065-2

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2008.01390.x

Hunt J Journeaux P Allen J et al. Barriers to Diversification - Prepared for our land and water national science challenge. 2021.

https://doi.org/10.3390/land12030532

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2022.107595

https://doi.org/10.1080/00288233.2012.747185

https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-019-01177-y

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2006.07.017

Parliamentary Commissioner for the Environment. Water quality in New Zealand: Land use and nutrient pollution. 2015.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2016.01.003

https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021471531188

https://doi.org/10.1002/jeq2.20551

Federated Farmers. Farm confidence survey – July 2025. 2025.

Ministry for Primary Industries. Climate issues facing farmers: Sustainable land management and climate change research programme. 2019.

Drewry J McDowell R Ghimire C et al. Collation of nutrient sediment and E. coli losses from land uses to freshwater and an initial analysis of some factors contributing to nitrogen loss (report no. LC4185). MWL Research; 2022.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s40490-015-0040-0

Yule L. Managing forestry land-use under the influence of carbon: the issues and options. Wellington: Yule Alexander; 2022. p. 15.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2023.106737

https://doi.org/10.1080/03036758.2022.2137532

Norris M, Johnstone P, Green S, et al. Rootzone Reality - A networ of fluxmeters measuring nutrient losses under cropping rotations. Summary of year 1 and year 2 results. In: Currie LD, Hedley MJ editors. Science and policy: nutrient management challenge for the next generation. Palmerston North: Fertilizer and Lime Research Centre, Massey University; 2017. p. 10.

Vetharaniam I Müller K Stanley J et al. Modelling the effect of climate change on land suitability for growing perennial crops. A Plant & Food Research report prepared for Ministry for Primary Industriesp. 2021. p. 362.

New Zealand Institute of Economic Research (Inc) Ministry for Primary Industries. The food and fibre workforce data on its size and composition. A report for Ministry Primary Industries and the Primary Sector Workforce Data and Forecasting Working Group. 2022.

https://doi.org/10.1080/01140671.2022.2077771

Environment Canterbury. Dairy conversions: What’s the story? 2025. https://www.ecan.govt.nz/get-involved/news-and-events/2025/dairy-conversions-whats-the-story

Perrin Ag Consultants Ltd. Market forces or market failure? An analysis into the opportunity for expanded milling wheat production in New Zealand. 2022.

Stelle M. NZ arable farmers urge support for local grain amid low prices import pressure. New Zealand Herald. 2025.

Fleming PH. Farm technical manual. Lincoln: Farm Management Group, Lincoln University; 2003.

Saunders C Dalziel P Wilson M et al. How value chains can share value and incentivise land use practices: a white paper. 2016.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-024-02257-w

Moreddu C. Public-Private partnerships for agricultural innovation: Lessons from recent experiences. OECD Food Agriculture and Fisheries Papers. 2016.

https://doi.org/10.1080/00288233.2020.1844763

https://doi.org/10.1071/MF20201

Ministry for the Environment. National policy statement for freshwater management 2020 amended october 2024. Wellington: Ministry for the Environment; 2020. p. 70.

Climate Change Commission. Ināia tonu nei: a low emissions future for aotearoa. Wellington, New Zealand: Climate Change Commission; 2021. p. 418.

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01113.x

New Zealand Kiwifruit Growers Inc. Science and sustainability: Chapter four. NZKGI Kiwifruit Grower Book 2019. 2019.

Cited By (0)

No indexed citing article has been matched by IRCI yet.